Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu ngamandla elanga ukuthi ihlukahluka ngokungahambisani kuye ngosuku nesikhathi sonyaka. Iziqalo eziningi zisebenzela ukuthuthukisa ukutholakala kwamandla emini—konga amandla emini ukuze asetshenziswe ebusuku noma ngezikhathi lapho umuntu engasebenzi.
Kodwa bambalwa abantu abaye babhekana nenkinga yokugcina i-off-season yamandla elanga. Kuthiwani uma imindeni ibikwazi ukonga inqwaba yamandla elanga akhiqizwa phakathi nezinyanga ezinelanga futhi iwasebenzisele ukufudumeza nogesi ebusika?
Kuze kube manje lo mbono awukafezeki. Amabhethri abiza kakhulu futhi ahlala isikhathi esifushane, abiza kakhulu futhi awasebenzi kahle, ngakho-ke i-hydrogen, engakhiqizi amagesi abamba ukushisa lapho ishiswa, ayifakwanga esixazululweni.
Manje isiqalo saseNorway sithi singaletha isisombululo esiqinile se-hydrogen emakethe eminyakeni embalwa ezayo. INorway iyizwe elingase lifune ukugcina ukukhanya kwelanga phakathi nezinyanga ezibandayo zasebusika.
I-Photoncycle yokuqala inesikhala ngaphansi kwe-Oslo Science Park accelerator. Ibukeka njengelabhorethri kunehhovisi: phansi kuhlezi isilinda sethusi esilingana nesihlalo, esongwe ngegwebu eliwugqinsi. Lobu ubuchwepheshe be-Photoncycle obuguqukayo.
Le nkampani inethemba lokufaka imodeli enkudlwana eyi-cylindrical enesilinganiso esingaba ama-cubic metres amathathu phansi emayadi ambalwa ukusuka endlini. Isilinda siqukethe isixazululo se-hydrogen esiqinile esinelungelo lobunikazi esinamandla okugcina asebenza kahle kunamabhethri noma i-hydrogen ewuketshezi.
Amaphaneli elanga ophahleni lwezakhiwo eziseduze azonikeza isistimu amandla agcinwe kumayunithi. Amandla engeziwe azothengiswa kugridi.
Ukuntuleka kwendawo yokugcina amandla elanga akhiqizwa ehlobo kuphumela “ekungafanini okukhulu” phakathi kwezikhathi zokukhiqiza nezokusetshenziswa: “Lena inselele enkulu endleleni yokwenza izinhlelo zamandla avuselelekayo zisebenze kahle,” kusho uBjörn Brandtsaeg, umsunguli we-Photoncycle.
"Amaphesenti angu-50 asele agcina engasenamsebenzi ngoba uma esekhiqiziwe, empeleni uyalahlwa noma anciphe. Uma ukwazi ukugcina amandla engeziwe bese uwakhulula ebusika noma lapho unezidingo zamandla, unethuba langempela lokwenza umehluko."
U-Brandtsaeg ungusomabhizinisi onolwazi lwengqalasizinda. Ezimbili zezinkampani zakhe zangaphambili zazizinkulu: inkampani yengqalasizinda yamandla eGeorgia kanye neClean Energy Group, inkampani yaseNorway yamandla avuselelekayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa, i-Photoncycle inezisebenzi eziyisishiyagalolunye nje kuphela futhi ixhaswe iminyaka emibili edlule ngemali kaBrandzaeg kanye nemali ye-Startup Lab.
Umqondo wenkampani wavela ngenkathi u-Branzaeg eyisifundiswa esivakashile e-MIT, lapho ayeyingxenye yeqembu elifunda ikusasa lokugcinwa kwamandla kanye nendlela yokulinganisa igridi yamandla eyakhiwe ngamandla angu-100% avuselelekayo. Usomabhizinisi ongeyena ochwepheshe uhlanganyele nososayensi ukuze bathole isisombululo esingashi esingalahlekelwa amandla amaningi ngesikhathi senqubo yokuguqula.
U-Brandtsaeg uphakamise into efana neshoki: “Ngalokhu ungagcina ukuminyana kwamandla okuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-20 kunebhethri ye-lithium.”
"Sigxilisa ama-molecule e-hydrogen abe izinto eziqinile, ngokuyisisekelo sizilungisa. Sisebenzisa i-fuel cell lokushisa elishintshayo elishintshayo, ngakho sisiza ekwakheni i-fuel cell engakhiqiza i-hydrogen nogesi engqamuzaneni efanayo," esho.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-hydrogen ayidingi ukupholiswa, okuyenza ingashi futhi iminyene kunamabhethri e-lithium-ion.
"Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi uma uhambisa i-hydrogen ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-fuel cell, kukhona ukulahlekelwa. Kuhlelo lwethu, ukulahlekelwa empeleni ukushisa, "kusho u-Branzaeg.
“Empeleni ungasebenzisa ukushisa okuyimfucuza ukuze unike amandla ikhaya ngendlela efanele—amaphesenti angama-70 ezidingo zamandla endlu awokufudumeza,” esho.
Lolu hlelo luhlanganisa amaphaneli elanga axhuma ngqo nengqalasizinda ekhona futhi angakwazi ukufaka igesi yemvelo amandla avuselelekayo ohlelweni oluhlangene lokushisa namandla. UBrandtsaeg uthe ukufakwa kuzothatha cishe usuku.
Umuntu angacabanga ukuthi inkampani yaseNorway izohlola umkhiqizo eNorway kuqala. Kodwa-ke, njengoba iNorway inamandla ashibhe kakhulu e-Europe, ngeke ibe nomthelela ofanayo wokonga kubasebenzisi.
Esikhundleni salokho, i-Brandsag yakhetha iDenmark engumakhelwane, izwe elinamanani aphezulu kakhulu wamandla eYurophu, ukuba ibe ngowokuqala ukwethula ubuchwepheshe.
"IDenmark iyimakethe efanelekile yokwethulwa, enezindlu ezingaba ngu-400,000 ezishiswa ngegesi namafutha," esho.
IDenmark iphinde yanquma ukuqeda ukushisa kwegesi ngo-2030, okuzokhuthaza abantu ukuthi babheke imithombo emisha yokushisa, kusho uBranzaeg.
Abathengi bazothola isikhungo samandla esihlanganiswe ngokugcwele ngemodeli yokubhaliselwe, ekhokha imali engashintshi yanyanga zonke elingana nezindleko zamandla ezingaphansi kuka-€0.10 i-kWh ngayinye. Ngamandla akhiqizwa futhi adayiswe ku-inthanethi, i-Photoncycle inohlelo lokwabelana ngenzuzo nabathengi abathola uhhafu wemali engenayo evela kumandla athengisiwe.
U-Brandtsaeg uthe ngokufaka nokuxhuma amayunithi anele, kungase kube isikhungo samandla esingase siqale ukuhweba amandla ezimakethe zamandla zaseYurophu.
"Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ungagcini ngokuthengisa amandla njengesevisi kumakhasimende, kodwa futhi ube umdlali wamandla omkhulu kakhulu emakethe yamandla."
Abasunguli banethemba lokuphinda kathathu ubukhulu beqembu futhi bahlele ukuthengisa amayunithi ayi-10,000 eDenmark ngo-2025 futhi bawafake ngo-2027.
UBrandtsaeg uthe umqondo wokusebenzisa i-hydrogen eqinile ukugcina amandla wavela eminyakeni embalwa edlule, kodwa izinkampani bezingakayisebenziseli izinjongo zasekhaya.
“Ama-solid oxide fuel cell esiwasebenzisayo azothengiswa maduze nje. Ngakho abantu bawasebenzisela izimboni ezinkulu.”
Ngokuqaliswa kwe-EU Solar Strategy, ukufakwa kwamaphaneli elanga ophahleni esifundeni kungenzeka kwande nakakhulu. Uhlelo lokulenza libe yimpoqo kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezikhona zomphakathi nezentengiselwano ezingaphezu kwamamitha-skwele angama-250 ngo-2027, kanye nakuzo zonke izakhiwo zokuhlala ezintsha ngo-2029, liwumfutho oqinile wokunyakaza kwe-Photoncycle.
"Ukuqonda kuka-Elon Musk ukuthi ukuze ushaye izimoto zikaphethiloli, udinga ukunikeza okuthile okukhangayo kubantu njengenye indlela. Ngicabanga ukuthi lokho kuyinto eyisisekelo okufanele futhi ucabange ngayo uma kuziwa emandleni avuselelekayo," esho.
Umsunguli we-Zenly ubuyile nenjabulo - futhi kulokhu akazifuneli umthengi yena.__wrap_b(“:R4jaaj9m:",1)
U-Peter Sunde wase-Pirate Bay: “Akekho owenza okuthile okuhle kwezobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi ku-fintech” self.__wrap_b(“:R4laaj9m:",1)
U-Mimi Billing uyintatheli ephezulu kwa-Sifted, ehlanganisa amazwe ase-Nordic nobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha futhi ingatholakala ku-X naku-LinkedIn.
Kusukela ekudwebeni ikhabhoni kuye ekukhipheni uthuli olusuka enyangeni luye emkhathini, ubuchwepheshe basemkhathini buzosisiza kanjani ekuxazululeni inkinga yesimo sezulu?
I-New Energy Challenge ingumncintiswano waminyaka yonke ohlanganisa ukuqala kwemboni yezamandla kanye nababambiqhaza ukuze kusheshiswe ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kokusetshenziswa.