Lesi sihloko sibuyekeziwe ngokuhambisana nezinqubo nezinqubomgomo zokuhlela ze-Science X. Abahleli bagcizelele izimfanelo ezilandelayo ngenkathi beqinisekisa ubuqotho bokuqukethwe:
Amabhethri e-lithium-ion kadoti avela komakhalekhukhwini, amakhompyutha aphathekayo kanye nenani elikhulayo lezimoto zikagesi ayanqwabelana, kodwa izinketho zokugaywa kabusha zisakhawulelwe kakhulu ekushiseni noma ekuncibilikiseni amabhethri ahlulekile ngamakhemikhali. Izindlela zamanje zingadala izinkinga zemvelo futhi kunzima ukukhiqiza ngokomnotho esikalini sezimboni.
Izinqubo zendabuko ziphinda zisebenzise ezinye izinto zebhethri futhi zithembele kuma-alkali e-caustic, ama-asidi angaphili namakhemikhali ayingozi angathula ukungcola. Ukukhipha izinsimbi ezibucayi nakho kudinga ukuhlukana okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nemvula. Kodwa-ke, ukugaywa kabusha kwezinsimbi ezifana ne-cobalt ne-lithium kunganciphisa ukungcoliswa, ukuncika emithonjeni yangaphandle kanye nokuvala amaketanga okuhlinzeka.
Abacwaningi base-US Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory baye bafeza indlela yokuncibilikisa amabhethri esixazululweni esiwuketshezi ukuze kuncishiswe inani lamakhemikhali ayingozi asetshenziswa kule nqubo. Ucwaningo lwabo lwashicilelwa kujenali ye-Energy Storage Materials.
Isixazululo esilula, esisebenzayo nesihambisana nemvelo esakhiwe abacwaningi be-ORNL sinqoba izithiyo ezinkulu okuhlangatshezwane nazo nezindlela zangaphambilini.
Amabhethri asetshenzisiwe acwiliswe esixazululweni se-organic citric acid (ngokwemvelo etholakala ezithelweni ezisawolintshi) encibilikiswe ku-ethylene glycol, i-antifreeze evame ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yabathengi efana nopende nezimonyo. I-citric acid ivela emithonjeni eqhubekayo futhi iphephile ukuphatha kunama-asidi angaphili. Lesi sixazululo esinobungani bemvelo sinikeza inqubo esebenza kahle kakhulu yokuhlukanisa kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwezinsimbi ku-electrode yebhethri eshajwe kahle, ebizwa ngokuthi i-cathode.
"Ngenxa yokuthi i-cathode iqukethe izinto ezibucayi, iyingxenye ebiza kakhulu kunoma yiliphi ibhethri, ibalwa ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-30 wezindleko zayo," kusho u-Yaokai Bai, ilungu leqembu lokucwaninga ngebhethri le-ORNL. "Indlela yethu ingase yehlise izindleko zebhethri ngokuhamba kwesikhathi." Ucwaningo lwenziwe endaweni yokukhiqiza amabhethri ye-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, indawo enkulu yocwaningo nentuthuko yebhethri evulekile emoyeni e-United States.
Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula obuthuthukisiwe lapho buvumela cishe i-100% ye-cobalt ne-lithium ukuthi ikhishwe ku-cathode ngaphandle kokwethula ukungcola ohlelweni. Iyakwazi futhi ukuhlukanisa ngempumelelo izixazululo zensimbi kwezinye izinsalela. Okuhle kunakho konke, umsebenzi wayo wesibili uwukubuyisela ngaphezu kuka-96% we-cobalt emahoreni ambalwa ngaphandle kokwengeza amakhemikhali engeziwe, okuvamise ukuba yinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yezandla yokulinganisa amazinga e-asidi.
"Kungokokuqala ngqa ukuthi uhlelo olulodwa lwesixazululo luhlanganise imisebenzi yokukhishwa kwe-leaching nokucubungula," kusho umcwaningi oholayo uLu Yu. "Kube mnandi ukuthola ukuthi i-cobalt yana futhi yazinza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Besingakulindele lokhu."
Ukuqeda isidingo samakhemikhali engeziwe kunciphisa izindleko futhi kugwema ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo engase ibe khona noma imfucuza yesibili. "Sijabule ngokuthi le nqubo yokugaywa kabusha eyenziwe ososayensi bethu ingavula indlela yokugaywa kabusha okubanzi kwezinto zebhethri ezibalulekile," kusho u-Ilyas Belharouaq, umcwaningi wezinkampani kanye nomqondisi we-Electrification Division e-Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
U-Bai uthe izindawo zokuvuza ze-citric acid ne-ethylene glycol zazike zacwaningwa ngaphambili, kodwa le ndlela isebenzisa i-asidi eningi kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi futhi yayingasebenzi kahle.
“Simangele ukuthi kusheshe kwaphuma kanjani esixazululweni,” kusho uBai. “Nge-organic acid ngokuvamile kuthatha amahora ayi-10 kuye kwayi-12, kodwa lena ithatha ihora kuphela.” Izixazululo zendabuko ezisebenzisa ama-asidi angaphili nazo ziyahamba kancane ngoba ziqukethe amanzi, lapho ukubilisa kwawo kukhawulela izinga lokushisa lokusabela.
Ulwazi olwengeziwe: U-Lu Yu et al., Ukuhlukaniswa okuphumelelayo kanye nemvula ehambisanayo yokugaywa kabusha kwe-cathode eyenziwe lula, Izinto Zokugcina Amandla (2023). I-DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2023.103025
Uma uhlangabezana nephutha lokuthayipha, ukunemba, noma ungathanda ukuhambisa isicelo sokuhlela okuqukethwe kuleli khasi, sicela usebenzise leli fomu. Ngemibuzo ejwayelekile, sicela usebenzise ifomu lethu lokuxhumana. Ukuze uthole impendulo evamile, sebenzisa isigaba samazwana omphakathi esingezansi (landela imihlahlandlela).
Impendulo yakho ibaluleke kakhulu kithi. Nokho, ngenxa yobuningi bemiyalezo, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa impendulo yomuntu siqu.
Ikheli lakho le-imeyili lisetshenziselwa ukutshela abamukeli abathumele i-imeyili kuphela. Ikheli lakho noma ikheli lomamukeli ngeke lisetshenziselwe enye injongo. Ulwazi olufakayo luzovela ku-imeyili yakho futhi ngeke lugcinwe i-Tech Xplore nganoma iyiphi indlela.
Le webhusayithi isebenzisa amakhukhi ukwenza lula ukuzulazula, ukuhlaziya ukusebenzisa kwakho amasevisi ethu, ukuqoqa idatha yomuntu siqu yokukhangisa, nokuhlinzeka ngokuqukethwe okuvela kwabanye abantu. Ngokusebenzisa iwebhusayithi yethu, uyavuma ukuthi ufundile futhi waqonda Inqubomgomo yethu Yobumfihlo kanye Nemibandela Yokusebenzisa.