I-Photovoltaic off-grid power generation system ayincikile kugridi yamandla futhi isebenza ngokuzimela, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezikude ezisezintabeni, ezindaweni ezingenawo ugesi, iziqhingi, iziteshi eziyisisekelo zokuxhumana kanye nezibani zomgwaqo nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, zisebenzisa amandla e-photovoltaic ukuxazulula izidingo zabahlali ezindaweni ezingenawo ugesi, ukuntuleka kukagesi nogesi ongaqinile, izikole noma izimboni ezincane zikagesi ophilayo nokusebenza, ukukhiqizwa kukagesi we-photovoltaic ngezinzuzo zomnotho, uhlanzekile, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, akukho msindo ongabuyisela ingxenye noma ubuyisele ngokuphelele udizili Amandla umsebenzi wokukhiqiza we-generator.

I-1 PV ngaphandle kwegridi yesistimu yokuphehla amandla kanye nokwakheka
Uhlelo lokuphehla amandla e-Photovoltaic off-grid luvamise ukuhlukaniswa lube uhlelo oluncane lwe-DC, uhlelo lokuphehla amandla amancane naphakathi nendawo ngaphandle kwegridi, kanye nohlelo olukhulu lokuphehla ugesi ngaphandle kwegridi.Uhlelo oluncane lwe-DC luwukuxazulula izidingo zokukhanyisa eziyisisekelo kakhulu ezindaweni ezingenawo ugesi;uhlelo oluncane nolumaphakathi olungekho kugridi ikakhulukazi ukuxazulula izidingo zikagesi emindenini, ezikoleni nasezimbonini ezincane;uhlelo olukhulu lwe-off-grid ikakhulukazi ukuxazulula izidingo zikagesi kuzo zonke izigodi neziqhingi, futhi lolu hlelo manje lusesigabeni sesistimu yegridi encane.
I-Photovoltaic off-grid power generation system ngokuvamile yakhiwa ama-photovoltaic arrays enziwe ngamamojula elanga, izilawuli zelanga, ama-inverters, amabhange ebhethri, imithwalo, njll.
I-PV array iguqula amandla elanga abe ngugesi uma kukhona ukukhanya, futhi inikeza amandla kumthwalo ngokusebenzisa isilawuli selanga kanye ne-inverter (noma umshini wokulawula okuphambene), ngenkathi ishaja iphakethe lebhethri;uma kungenakukhanya, ibhethri linikeza amandla kumthwalo we-AC nge-inverter.
I-2 PV off-grid power generation system main equipment
01. Amamojula
Imojula ye-Photovoltaic iyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yokuphehla amandla e-off-grid photovoltaic, indima yayo ukuguqula amandla emisebe yelanga abe amandla kagesi e-DC.Izici ze-irradiation nezici zokushisa yizici ezimbili eziyinhloko ezithinta ukusebenza kwemojuli.
02, i-Inverter
I-Inverter iyidivayisi eguqula i-direct current (DC) iyenze i-alternating current (AC) ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zamandla zokulayisha kwe-AC.
Ngokusho kwe-waveform okukhiphayo, ama-inverters angahlukaniswa abe yi-square wave inverter, i-step wave inverter, kanye ne-sine wave inverter.Ama-inverters e-Sine wave abonakala ngokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ama-harmonics aphansi, angasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemithwalo, futhi abe namandla okuthwala aqinile wemithwalo ye-inductive noma ye-capacitive.
03, Isilawuli
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesilawuli se-PV ukulawula nokulawula amandla e-DC akhishwa amamojula e-PV nokuphatha ukushaja nokukhipha ibhethri ngobuhlakani.Amasistimu angaphandle kwegridi kudingeka amiswe ngokwezinga lesistimu kagesi ye-DC kanye nomthamo wamandla wesistimu ngokucaciswa okufanele kwesilawuli se-PV.Isilawuli se-PV sihlukaniswe ngohlobo lwe-PWM nohlobo lwe-MPPT, oluvame ukutholakala kumazinga kagesi ahlukene we-DC12V, 24V kanye no-48V.
04. Ibhethri
Ibhethri iyidivayisi yokugcina amandla yesistimu yokuphehla amandla, futhi indima yayo iwukugcina amandla kagesi aphuma kumojula ye-PV ukuze anikeze amandla kumthwalo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwamandla.
05, Ukuqapha
3 umklamo wesistimu nemininingwane yokukhetha izimiso zokuklama: ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthwalo udinga ukuhlangabezana nesisekelo sikagesi, ngobuncane bamamojula e-photovoltaic namandla ebhethri, ukuze kuncishiswe ukutshalwa kwezimali.
01, Idizayini yemojula ye-Photovoltaic
Ifomula yereferensi: P0 = (P × t × Q) / (η1 × T) ifomula: P0 - amandla aphezulu wemojula yeseli yelanga, iyunithi Wp;P - amandla omthwalo, iyunithi W;t - - amahora wansuku zonke wokusetshenziswa kukagesi komthwalo, iyunithi H;η1 -ukusebenza kahle kohlelo;T -isilinganiso sendawo samahora okukhanya kwelanga aphakeme nsuku zonke, iyunithi HQ- - isici esiqhubekayo sokuguquguquka kwesici esingaphezulu (ngokuvamile singu-1.2 kuye ku-2)
02, idizayini yesilawuli se-PV
Ifomula yesithenjwa: I = P0 / V
Kuphi: I - PV isilawuli isilawuli samanje, iyunithi A;I-P0 - amandla aphezulu emojula yeseli yelanga, iyunithi Wp;V – i-voltage elinganiselwe yephakethe lebhethri, iyunithi V ★ Qaphela: Ezindaweni eziphakeme, isilawuli se-PV sidinga ukukhulisa umkhawulo othile futhi sinciphise amandla okusebenzisa.
03, I-inverter engaphandle kwegridi
Ifomula yereferensi: Pn=(P*Q)/Cosθ Kufomula: Pn – umthamo we-inverter, iyunithi VA;P - amandla omthwalo, iyunithi W;I-Cosθ - isici samandla we-inverter (ngokuvamile i-0.8);Q - i-margin factor edingekayo ku-inverter (ngokuvamile ikhethwa kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-5).★Qaphela: a.Imithwalo ehlukene (ekwazi ukumelana nayo, inductive, capacitive) inemisinga yokuqalisa ehlukene kanye nezici ezihlukene zemajini.b.Ezindaweni eziphakeme, i-inverter idinga ukukhulisa umkhawulo othile futhi inciphise umthamo wokusetshenziswa.
04. Ibhethri le-lead-acid
Ifomula yereferensi: C = P × t × T / (V × K × η2) ifomula: C – umthamo wephakethe lebhethri, iyunithi Ah;P - amandla omthwalo, iyunithi W;t - umthamo wamahora wansuku zonke wokusetshenziswa kukagesi, iyunithi H;V - i-voltage elinganiselwe yephakethe lebhethri, iyunithi V;K – i-coefficient yokukhipha ibhethri, kucatshangelwa ukusebenza kahle kwebhethri, ukujula kokukhipha, izinga lokushisa elizungezile, nezici ezithonyayo, ngokuvamile ezithathwa njengo-0.4 kuya ku-0.7;η2 -ukusebenza kahle kwe-inverter;T – inani lezinsuku eziguquguqukayo ezilandelanayo.
04, Ibhethri ye-Lithium-ion
Ifomula yesithenjwa: C = P × t × T / (K × η2)
Kuphi: C – umthamo webhethri, iyunithi kWh;P - amandla omthwalo, iyunithi W;t - inani lamahora kagesi asetshenziswa umthwalo ngosuku, iyunithi H;K -i-coefficient yokukhipha ibhethri, kucatshangelwa ukusebenza kahle kwebhethri, ukujula kokukhipha, izinga lokushisa elizungezile kanye nezici ezithonyayo, ngokuvamile ezithathwa njengo-0.8 kuya ku-0.9;η2 -ukusebenza kahle kwe-inverter;T -inombolo yezinsuku eziguquguqukayo ezilandelanayo.Ikesi lokuklama
Ikhasimende elikhona lidinga ukuklama uhlelo lokuphehla amandla e-photovoltaic, isilinganiso sendawo samahora okukhanya kwelanga aphakeme nsuku zonke sicatshangelwa ngokwamahora ama-3, amandla awo wonke amalambu e-fluorescent asondele ku-5KW, futhi asetshenziswa amahora ama-4 ngosuku, kanye nokuhola. -amabhethri e-asidi abalwa ngokwezinsuku ezi-2 zezinsuku ezinamafu eziqhubekayo.Bala ukucushwa kwalolu hlelo.