I-Photovoltaic off-grid power generation system ayincikile kugridi yamandla futhi isebenza ngokuzimela, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezikude ezisezintabeni, ezindaweni ezingenawo ugesi, iziqhingi, iziteshi eziyisisekelo zokuxhumana kanye nezibani zomgwaqo nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, zisebenzisa i-photovoltaic power generation ukuxazulula izidingo zezakhamuzi ezindaweni ezingenawo ugesi, ukuntuleka kukagesi nogesi ongazinzile, izikole noma amafektri amancane okukhiqiza ugesi ophilayo nokusebenza, amandla ahlanzekile angenawo ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, i-photovoltaic ayikho inzuzo yokuvikela imvelo. shintsha kancane noma shintsha ngokuphelele udizili Umsebenzi wokukhiqiza amandla wejeneretha.

I-1 PV ngaphandle kwegridi yesistimu yokuphehla amandla kanye nokwakheka
Uhlelo lokuphehla amandla e-Photovoltaic off-grid luvamise ukuhlukaniswa lube uhlelo oluncane lwe-DC, uhlelo lokuphehla amandla amancane naphakathi nendawo ngaphandle kwegridi, kanye nohlelo olukhulu lokuphehla ugesi ngaphandle kwegridi. Uhlelo oluncane lwe-DC luwukuxazulula izidingo zokukhanyisa eziyisisekelo kakhulu ezindaweni ezingenawo ugesi; uhlelo oluncane nolumaphakathi olungekho kugridi ikakhulukazi ukuxazulula izidingo zikagesi emindenini, ezikoleni nasezimbonini ezincane; uhlelo olukhulu lwe-off-grid ikakhulukazi ukuxazulula izidingo zikagesi kuzo zonke izigodi neziqhingi, futhi lolu hlelo manje lusesigabeni sesistimu yegridi encane.
I-Photovoltaic off-grid power generation system ngokuvamile yakhiwa ama-photovoltaic arrays enziwe ngamamojula elanga, izilawuli zelanga, ama-inverters, amabhange ebhethri, imithwalo, njll.
I-PV array iguqula amandla elanga abe ugesi uma kukhona ukukhanya, futhi inikeza amandla kumthwalo ngokusebenzisa isilawuli selanga kanye ne-inverter (noma umshini wokulawula okuphambene), ngenkathi ishaja iphakethe lebhethri; uma kungenakukhanya, ibhethri linikeza amandla kumthwalo we-AC nge-inverter.
I-2 PV off-grid power generation system main equipment
01. Amamojula
Imojula ye-Photovoltaic iyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yokuphehla amandla e-off-grid photovoltaic, indima yayo ukuguqula amandla emisebe yelanga abe amandla kagesi e-DC. Izici ze-irradiation nezici zokushisa yizici ezimbili eziyinhloko ezithinta ukusebenza kwemojuli.
02, i-Inverter
I-Inverter iyidivayisi eguqula i-direct current (DC) iyenze i-alternating current (AC) ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zamandla zokulayisha kwe-AC.
Ngokusho kwe-waveform okukhiphayo, ama-inverters angahlukaniswa abe yi-square wave inverter, i-step wave inverter, kanye ne-sine wave inverter. Ama-inverters e-Sine wave abonakala ngokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ama-harmonics aphansi, angasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemithwalo, futhi abe namandla okuthwala aqinile wemithwalo ye-inductive noma ye-capacitive.
03, Isilawuli
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesilawuli se-PV ukulawula nokulawula amandla e-DC akhishwa amamojula e-PV nokuphatha ukushaja nokukhipha ibhethri ngobuhlakani. Amasistimu angaphandle kwegridi kudingeka amiswe ngokwezinga lesistimu kagesi ye-DC kanye nomthamo wamandla wesistimu ngokucaciswa okufanele kwesilawuli se-PV. Isilawuli se-PV sihlukaniswe ngohlobo lwe-PWM nohlobo lwe-MPPT, oluvame ukutholakala kumazinga kagesi ahlukene we-DC12V, 24V kanye no-48V.
04. Ibhethri
Ibhethri iyidivayisi yokugcina amandla yesistimu yokuphehla amandla, futhi indima yayo iwukugcina amandla kagesi aphuma kumojula ye-PV ukuze anikeze amandla kumthwalo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwamandla.
05, Ukuqapha
3 umklamo wesistimu nemininingwane yokukhetha izimiso zokuklama: ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthwalo udinga ukuhlangabezana nesisekelo sikagesi, ngobuncane bamamojula e-photovoltaic namandla ebhethri, ukuze kuncishiswe ukutshalwa kwezimali.
01, Idizayini yemojula ye-Photovoltaic
Ifomula yereferensi: P0 = (P × t × Q) / (η1 × T) ifomula: P0 - amandla aphezulu wemojula yeseli yelanga, iyunithi Wp; P - amandla omthwalo, iyunithi W; t - - amahora wansuku zonke wokusetshenziswa kukagesi komthwalo, iyunithi H; η1 -ukusebenza kahle kohlelo; T -isilinganiso sendawo samahora okukhanya kwelanga aphakeme nsuku zonke, iyunithi HQ- - isici esiqhubekayo sokuguquguquka kwesici esingaphezulu (ngokuvamile singu-1.2 kuye ku-2)
02, idizayini yesilawuli se-PV
Ifomula yesithenjwa: I = P0 / V
Kuphi: I - PV isilawuli isilawuli samanje, iyunithi A; I-P0 - amandla aphezulu emojula yeseli yelanga, iyunithi Wp; V – i-voltage elinganiselwe yephakethe lebhethri, iyunithi V ★ Qaphela: Ezindaweni eziphakeme, isilawuli se-PV sidinga ukukhulisa umkhawulo othile futhi sinciphise amandla okusebenzisa.
03, I-inverter engaphandle kwegridi
Ifomula yereferensi: Pn=(P*Q)/Cosθ Kufomula: Pn – umthamo we-inverter, iyunithi VA; P - amandla omthwalo, iyunithi W; I-Cosθ - isici samandla we-inverter (ngokuvamile i-0.8); Q - i-margin factor edingekayo ku-inverter (ngokuvamile ikhethwa kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-5). ★Qaphela: a. Imithwalo ehlukene (ekwazi ukumelana nayo, inductive, capacitive) inemisinga yokuqalisa ehlukene kanye nezici ezihlukene zemajini. b. Ezindaweni eziphakeme, i-inverter idinga ukukhulisa umkhawulo othile futhi inciphise umthamo wokusetshenziswa.
04. Ibhethri le-lead-acid
Ifomula yereferensi: C = P × t × T / (V × K × η2) ifomula: C – umthamo wephakethe lebhethri, iyunithi Ah; P - amandla omthwalo, iyunithi W; t - umthamo wamahora wansuku zonke wokusetshenziswa kukagesi, iyunithi H; V - i-voltage elinganiselwe yephakethe lebhethri, iyunithi V; K – i-coefficient yokukhipha ibhethri, kucatshangelwa ukusebenza kahle kwebhethri, ukujula kokukhipha, izinga lokushisa elizungezile, nezici ezithonyayo, ngokuvamile ezithathwa njengo-0.4 kuya ku-0.7; η2 -ukusebenza kahle kwe-inverter; T – inani lezinsuku eziguquguqukayo ezilandelanayo.
04, Ibhethri ye-Lithium-ion
Ifomula yesithenjwa: C = P × t × T / (K × η2)
Kuphi: C – umthamo webhethri, iyunithi kWh; P - amandla omthwalo, iyunithi W; t - inani lamahora kagesi asetshenziswa umthwalo ngosuku, iyunithi H; K -i-coefficient yokukhipha ibhethri, kucatshangelwa ukusebenza kahle kwebhethri, ukujula kokukhipha, izinga lokushisa elizungezile kanye nezici ezithonyayo, ngokuvamile ezithathwa njengo-0.8 kuya ku-0.9; η2 -ukusebenza kahle kwe-inverter; T -inombolo yezinsuku eziguquguqukayo ezilandelanayo. Ikesi lokuklama
Ikhasimende elikhona lidinga ukuklama uhlelo lokuphehla amandla e-photovoltaic, isilinganiso sendawo samahora okukhanya kwelanga aphakeme nsuku zonke sicatshangelwa ngokwamahora ama-3, amandla awo wonke amalambu e-fluorescent asondele ku-5KW, futhi asetshenziswa amahora angu-4 ngosuku, futhi amabhethri e-lead-acid abalwa ngokwezinsuku ezi-2 zezinsuku eziguquguqukayo eziqhubekayo. Bala ukucushwa kwalolu hlelo.