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Izikhuthazo zelanga zingakusiza wonge imali kuphrojekthi yelanga lasekhaya eTexas.Ukuze ufunde kabanzi, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu wezinhlelo zelanga zaseTexas.
ULeonardo David ungunjiniyela kagesi, i-MBA, umeluleki wezamandla kanye nomlobi wezobuchwepheshe.Isipiliyoni sakhe sokusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nesipiliyoni sokubonisana namandla elanga sihlanganisa ebhange, izindwangu, ukucutshungulwa kwepulasitiki, imithi, imfundo, ukucubungula ukudla, izindlu nezitolo.Kusukela ngo-2015, usebhale nangezihloko zamandla nezobuchwepheshe.
U-Tori Addison ungumhleli osebenze embonini yokumaketha yedijithali iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu.Ulwazi lwakhe luhlanganisa umsebenzi wezokuxhumana kanye nokumaketha emikhakheni engenzi nzuzo, kahulumeni kanye nezemfundo.Uyintatheli eyaqala umsebenzi wayo wokuhlanganisa ezombusazwe nezindaba e-Hudson Valley yaseNew York.Umsebenzi wakhe uhlanganisa isabelomali sendawo nesifunda, imithethonqubo yezezimali yenhlangano, kanye nemithetho yokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
I-Texas isibe esinye sezifundazwe ezihamba phambili kumandla elanga, enamamegawathi angu-17,247 womthamo ofakiwe kanye nomthamo owanele we-solar photovoltaic (PV) ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamandla ezindlini eziyizigidi ezingu-1.9.I-Texas futhi ihlinzeka ngezinhlelo zokukhuthaza amandla elanga ngezinsiza zasendaweni ukusiza ukwehlisa izindleko zamandla elanga nokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ahlanzekile esifundazweni.
Kulesi sihloko, ithimba lethu Lekhaya Lomhlahlandlela libheka amakhredithi entela elanga, amakhredithi, nezaphulelo ezitholakala e-Texas.Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde ukuthi lezi zinhlelo zingehlisa kanjani zonke izindleko zesistimu sonozungezilanga, okwenza ukushintshela kumandla elanga kufinyeleleke kakhulu ku-Lone Star State.
I-Texas ayinalo uhlelo lwezwe lonke lwesaphulelo selanga kubanikazi bezindlu, kodwa inikeza ukukhululwa intela yendawo yokuhlala kanye nezinhlelo zamandla avuselelwe ezentengiselwano.
Uma ufaka isistimu sonozungezilanga e-Texas, ngeke kudingeke ukhokhe izintela ekukhuphukeni okuhambisanayo kwenani lempahla yekhaya lakho.Isibonelo, uma umnikazi womuzi e-San Antonio engumnikazi wendlu ebiza u-$350,000 futhi efaka isistimu yephaneli yelanga ebiza u-$25,000, idolobha lizobala intela yendawo yakhe njengo-$350,000 kune-$375,000.
Ngokuya ngendawo okuyo ethile e-Texas, uhulumeni wasekhaya noma inkampani yakho yezinsiza ingase ikunikeze izikhuthazo zelanga.Nazi ezinye zezinhlelo ezinkulu ze-solar zokukhuthaza ezitholakala ku-Lone Star State:
Isebenza kumasistimu elanga asekhaya anamandla afakiwe okungenani ama-3 kW futhi adinga ukuphothula izifundo zamandla elanga.
Ithebula elingenhla libonisa izinhlelo ezinkulu kakhulu ze-solar e-Texas.Kodwa-ke, umbuso unenani elikhulu lezinsiza zikamasipala kanye namadlelandawonye kagesi asebenza ezindaweni ezithile.Uma ucabanga ngokufaka i-solar ophahleni lwakho futhi uthole ugesi wakho enkampanini encane yamandla, hlola ku-inthanethi ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi awuphuthelwa yinoma yiziphi izisusa zezimali.
Izinhlelo zokukhuthaza amandla elanga eTexas zilawulwa izinkampani zamandla ahlukene futhi zinezidingo ezihlukile zokufaneleka.Ngokuvamile, lezi zinzuzo zitholakala kuphela kosonkontileka abagunyaziwe.
I-Net metering iwuhlelo lokuthenga kabusha amandla elanga olukunikeza amandla adlulele akhiqizwa amaphaneli akho elanga futhi likubuyisele kugridi.Ungasebenzisa lawa maphuzu ukuze ukhokhele izikweletu zakho zamandla zesikhathi esizayo.I-Texas ayinayo inqubomgomo ye-net metering yezwe lonke, kodwa baningi abahlinzeki bakagesi abadayisayo abanezinhlelo zokubuyisela amandla elanga.Ezinye izinkampani zamandla kamasipala, njenge-Austin Energy, nazo zinikeza lo mnikelo.
Ngenxa yokuthi izinhlelo ze-net metering e-Texas zilawulwa yizinsiza zikagesi ezihlukene, izidingo zobuchwepheshe namazinga esinxephezelo ayahluka.
I-Federal Solar Investment Tax Credit (ITC) iyisikhuthazo sikazwelonke esadalwa uhulumeni wobumbano ngo-2006. Uma usufake amaphaneli elanga asekhaya, ungase ufaneleke ukuthola ikhredithi yentela yombuso elingana no-30% wezindleko zesistimu.Isibonelo, uma usebenzisa u-$33,000 ohlelweni lwe-10-kilowatt (kW), ikhredithi yakho yentela izoba ngu-$9,900.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-ITC iyikhredithi yentela hhayi imbuyiselo noma isaphulelo.Ungafuna ikhredithi ngokuyisebenzisa esikweletini sakho sentela yemali engenayo ngonyaka ofaka ngawo isistimu yakho yelanga.Uma ungasebenzisi inani eliphelele, ungakhipha amaphuzu akho asele kuze kube iminyaka emihlanu.
Ungakwazi futhi ukuhlanganisa le nzuzo nekhredithi yentela kahulumeni nezinye izinhlelo zasendaweni ukuze wehlise izindleko ezingaphambili zesistimu sonozungezilanga wasekhaya.Ungaphinda ufake isicelo sokubolekwa imali ukuze uthole okunye ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kwamandla, njengokuthenga imoto kagesi.
Njengoba ubona ku-Global Solar Atlas yeBhange Lomhlaba, iTexas ingesinye sezifundazwe ezinelanga kakhulu futhi ikleliswe endaweni yesibili ezweni ngokukhiqiza amandla elanga.Ngokusho kwe-US Energy Information Administration, isistimu yelanga yasekhaya engu-6-kW ejwayelekile ingakhiqiza amandla angaphezu kuka-9,500 kWh ngonyaka ngaphansi kwezimo ezivumayo zesayithi, futhi amakhasimende ahlala e-Texas akhokha ibhilidi kagesi eyisilinganiso esingu-14.26 cents kWh ngayinye.Ngokusekelwe kulezi zinombolo, u-9,500 kWh wamandla elanga e-Texas angakongela ngaphezu kuka-$1,350 ngonyaka ezikweletini zakho zamandla.
Ngokocwaningo lwango-2022 lweNational Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), intengo yemakethe yamasistimu elanga okuhlala e-United States ingu-$2.95 iwathi ngayinye, okusho ukuthi ukufakwa okujwayelekile kwephaneli yelanga engu-6kW kubiza cishe u-$17,700.Nakhu ukuthi izikhuthazo zelanga zingasiza kanjani ukwehlisa izindleko zesistimu e-Texas:
Ngenani eliphelele lama-$10,290 nokongiwa konyaka okungu-$1,350, isikhathi sokukhokha sohlelo lwelanga lasekhaya siyiminyaka eyisikhombisa kuya kweyisishiyagalombili.Ukwengeza, amaphaneli elanga aphezulu afika newaranti yeminyaka engu-30, okusho ukuthi isikhathi sokukhokha siyingxenye encane nje yokuphila kwawo.
Amathuba okukhuthaza kanye nokukhanya kwelanga okuchichimayo kwenza amandla elanga akhange e-Texas, kodwa ukukhetha kwezifaki eziningi zelanga ezitholakalayo kungazizwa kungaphezu kwamandla.Ukwenza inqubo ibe lula, sihlanganise uhlu lwezinkampani ezingcono kakhulu zamandla elanga e-Texas ngokusekelwe ezindlekweni, izinketho zezimali, izinsizakalo ezinikezwayo, isithunzi, iwaranti, isevisi yamakhasimende, ulwazi lwemboni, nokusimama.Ngaphambi kokwenza ukukhetha kwakho kokugcina, sincoma ukuthi uthole iziphakamiso okungenani kubahlinzeki abathathu abashiwo ohlwini olungezansi.
I-Texas inokukhanya kwelanga okuningi, okwandisa ukusebenza kwamapaneli elanga.Ukwengeza, izinkampani zikagesi eziningi ezisebenza ku-Lone Star State zinezinhlelo ze-solar ongazihlanganisa nezikweletu zentela yenhlangano ukuze wonge imali kuphrojekthi yakho yelanga.I-Texas ayinayo inqubomgomo ye-net metering yezwe lonke, kodwa abahlinzeki abaningi basendaweni kagesi banikeza le nzuzo.Lezi zinto zenza ukushintshela kumandla elanga kunenzuzo kubanikazi bezindlu baseTexas.
Uhlelo ngalunye lwesinxephezelo lunemigomo nemibandela yalo kanye nezidingo zokufaneleka.Kodwa-ke, izinkampani ezingcono kakhulu zamandla elanga zijwayelene nenqubo yokufaka isicelo kuhlelo ngalunye futhi zingaqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa kwakho kwelanga kuyafaneleka.
I-Texas ayinalo uhlelo lwesaphulelo selanga.Kodwa-ke, izinkampani zezinsiza ezisebenza kuhulumeni zinikeza izinhlelo ezimbalwa zokukhuthaza, ezinye zazo ezihlanganisa isaphulelo selanga.Ukuze ufanelekele izinzuzo ezithile, ikhaya lakho kufanele libe sendaweni yesevisi yenkampani kagesi ephethe uhlelo.
I-Texans ayikhokhi intela yendawo lapho kusetshenziswa okokusebenza kwamandla avuselelekayo.Ngakho-ke, noma yikuphi ukunyuka kwenani lendlu yakho ayikhokhiswa intela yendawo uma ufaka ama-solar panel.Njengesakhamuzi sase-US, uyafaneleka futhi ukuthola amakhredithi entela yelanga.Ukwengeza, izaphulelo zelanga zendawo kanye nezinhlelo zokukhuthaza ziyatholakala ezintweni ezisebenza ngogesi ezifana ne-CPS Energy, TXU, Oncor, CenterPoint, AEP Texas, Austin Energy kanye neGreen Mountain Energy.
I-Texas ayinayo inqubomgomo ye-net metering yezwe lonke, kodwa abanye abahlinzeki bakagesi bahlinzeka ngezinhlelo zokubuyisela amandla elanga.Izilinganiso zokutholwa kwezikweletu zebhili yamandla ziyahlukahluka ngohlelo.Ungathintana nomnikezeli wakho kagesi obambe iqhaza ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.
Njengosakhamuzi saseTexas, ungase ufaneleke ukuthola ikhredithi yentela yokutshala amandla elanga engu-30%, isikhuthazo sikahulumeni esitholakala kuzo zonke izifundazwe.I-Texas ayinikezi izinxephezelo zentela zasendaweni zamasistimu elanga, kodwa okokuqala, ayikho intela yentela yezwe.
Thola ulwazi lwangaphakathi ngabahlinzeki abangcono kakhulu nezinketho ezitholakalayo zamasevisi abalulekile asekhaya.
Sihlola ngokucophelela izinkampani ezifaka amandla elanga, sigxile ezintweni ezibaluleke kakhulu kubanikazi bezindlu abafana nawe.Indlela yethu yokukhiqiza amandla elanga isekelwe ocwaningweni olunzulu lwabanikazi bezindlu, izingxoxo nochwepheshe bemboni kanye nocwaningo lwemakethe yamandla avuselelekayo.Inqubo yethu yokubuyekeza ibandakanya ukulinganisa inkampani ngayinye ngokusekelwe kumbandela wokunquma olandelayo, esibe sesiwusebenzisa ukubala isilinganiso sezinkanyezi ezi-5.
ULeonardo David ungunjiniyela kagesi, i-MBA, umeluleki wezamandla kanye nomlobi wezobuchwepheshe.Isipiliyoni sakhe sokusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nesipiliyoni sokubonisana namandla elanga sihlanganisa ebhange, izindwangu, ukucutshungulwa kwepulasitiki, imithi, imfundo, ukucubungula ukudla, izindlu nezitolo.Kusukela ngo-2015, usebhale nangezihloko zamandla nezobuchwepheshe.
U-Tori Addison ungumhleli osebenze embonini yokumaketha yedijithali iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu.Ulwazi lwakhe luhlanganisa umsebenzi wezokuxhumana kanye nokumaketha emikhakheni engenzi nzuzo, kahulumeni kanye nezemfundo.Uyintatheli eyaqala umsebenzi wayo wokuhlanganisa ezombusazwe nezindaba e-Hudson Valley yaseNew York.Umsebenzi wakhe uhlanganisa isabelomali sendawo nesifunda, imithethonqubo yezezimali yenhlangano, kanye nemithetho yokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Ngokusebenzisa le webhusayithi, uyavumelana neSivumelwano Sokubhalisa kanye Nemibandela Yokusebenzisa, Isitatimende Sobumfihlo kanye Nesitatimende Sekhukhi.