Ikesi lesistimu yokuphehla amandla elanga e-United States photovoltaic
NgoLwesithathu, isikhathi sendawo, abaphathi base-US Biden bakhiphe umbiko okhombisa ukuthi ngonyaka ka-2035 i-United States kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ku-40% kagesi wayo ovela kumandla elanga, futhi ngo-2050 lesi silinganiso sizokwenyuka sibe ngama-45%.
UMnyango Wezamandla wase-US uchaze kabanzi ngeqhaza elibalulekile lamandla elanga ekukhipheni ikhabhoni igridi kagesi yase-US ku-Solar Future Study.Lolu cwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ngo-2035, ngaphandle kokukhuphula amanani kagesi, amandla elanga anamandla okuphakela amaphesenti angama-40 kagesi wesizwe, aqhubekisele phambili ukubola okujulile kwegridi nokudala imisebenzi efinyelela esigidini esiyi-1.5.
Umbiko uphawula ukuthi ukufeza lo mgomo kuzodinga ukuthunyelwa okukhulu nokulinganayo kwamandla avuselelekayo kanye nezinqubomgomo eziqinile zokuqeda ikhabhoni, ngokuhambisana nemizamo yabaphathi be-Biden yokubhekana nenkinga yesimo sezulu kanye nokwandisa ngokushesha ukusetshenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo ezweni lonke.
Amaphrojekthi ombiko azofeza lezi zinhloso azodinga imali efinyelela kumabhiliyoni angama-562 emalini engeziwe yase-US yemboni yomphakathi nezimele phakathi kuka-2020 no-2050. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukutshalwa kwezimali emithonjeni yelanga neminye imithombo yamandla ahlanzekile kungaletha izinzuzo zezomnotho ezingaba ngamabhiliyoni angu-1.7, ngokwengxenye izindleko zezempilo zokunciphisa ukungcola.
Kusukela ngo-2020, amandla elanga ase-US afakiwe afinyelele irekhodi lama-watts ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-15 kuya kuma-watts ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-7.6, okwenza amaphesenti ama-3 okunikezwa kukagesi kwamanje.
Ngonyaka wezi-2035, lo mbiko uthi, i-US izodinga ukuphindaphinda kane ukuphehlwa kukagesi welanga waminyaka yonke futhi ihlinzeke ngamagigawathi ayi-1,000 kagesi kugridi elawulwa izinto ezivuselelekayo.Ngo-2050, i-solar kulindeleke ukuthi inikeze ama-gigawatts kagesi ayi-1,600, okungaphezu kwawo wonke ugesi osetshenziswa yizakhiwo zokuhlala nezohwebo e-United States.I-Decarbonization yalo lonke uhlelo lwamandla ingakhiqiza cishe i-3,000 GW yamandla elanga ngo-2050 ngenxa yokwanda kokufakwa kukagesi emikhakheni yezokuthutha, yokwakha kanye nezimboni.
Umbiko uthi i-US kumele ifake isilinganiso sama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingu-30 zamandla elanga ngonyaka phakathi kwamanje no-2025, kanye nama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingu-60 ngonyaka kusukela ngo-2025 kuya ku-2030. izohlinzekwa ngokuyinhloko ngomoya (36%), i-nuclear (11% -13%), ugesi wamanzi (5% -6%) kanye ne-bioenergy/geothermal (1%).
Lo mbiko uphinde uncome ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwamathuluzi amasha okuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwegridi, njengesitoreji kanye nama-inverters athuthukisiwe, kanye nokwandiswa kokudlulisela, kuzosiza ukuhambisa ilanga kuwo wonke amagumbi ase-US - umoya kanye ne-solar kuhlangene kuzohlinzeka ngamaphesenti angu-75 kagesi ngogesi. 2035 kanye namaphesenti angu-90 ngo-2050. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubomgomo ezisekelayo ze-decarbonization kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bazodingeka ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokunciphisa izindleko zamandla elanga.
Ngokusho kuka-Huajun Wang, umhlaziyi we-ZSE Securities, i-CAGR engama-23% ithathwa, ehambelana nonyaka owodwa womthamo ofakiwe e-US okulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ku-110GW ngo-2030.
NgokukaWang, "ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni" sekuphenduke ukuvumelana komhlaba wonke, futhi i-PV kulindeleke ukuthi ibe amandla amakhulu "okungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni":
Eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule, izindleko ze-photovoltaic kilowatt-hora zehle zisuka ku-2.47 yuan/kWh ngo-2010 zaya ku-0.37 yuan/kWh ngo-2020, zehle zafika ku-85%.I-Photovoltaic "inkathi yamanani aphansi" isondela, i-photovoltaic izoba amandla amakhulu "e-carbon neutral".
Embonini ye-photovoltaic, iminyaka eyishumi elandelayo yesidingo esiphindwe kashumi kunomgwaqo omkhulu.Silinganisela ukuthi ngo-2030 ukufakwa okusha kwePV yaseChina kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele ku-416-536GW, nge-CAGR ka-24% -26%;Isidingo esisha esifakiwe emhlabeni wonke sizofinyelela ku-1246-1491GW, nge-CAGR yama-25% -27%.Isidingo esifakiwe se-photovoltaic sizokhula ngokuphindwe kashumi eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo, nesikhala esikhulu semakethe.
Isidingo sokusekelwa "kwenqubomgomo enkulu".
Ucwaningo lwelanga lususelwe ohlelweni olukhulu lwabaphathi be-Biden lokuthola igridi engenayo i-carbon ngo-2035 futhi kukhishwe uhlelo lwamandla olubanzi ngo-2050.

Iphakethe lengqalasizinda elaphasiswa yiSigele saseMelika ngo-Agasti lalihlanganisa izigidigidi zamaRandi zamaphrojekthi ahlanzekile wamandla, kodwa izinqubomgomo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zashiywa ngaphandle, okuhlanganisa nokwelulwa kwezikweletu zentela.Noma kunjalo, isinqumo sesabelomali esingu-$3.5 trillion esaphasiswa yiNdlu ngo-Agasti singafaka lezi zinhlelo.

Imboni yelanga yaseMelika ithe lo mbiko ugcizelela isidingo semboni sokusekelwa “okubalulekile kwenqubomgomo”.

NgoLwesithathu, izinkampani ezingaphezu kuka-700 zithumele incwadi kuCongress zifuna ukwandiswa kwesikhathi eside kanye nokwenyuka kwezikweletu zentela yokutshala izimali zelanga kanye nezinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwegridi.

Ngemuva kweminyaka yokushaqeka kwenqubomgomo, sekuyisikhathi sokunikeza izinkampani zamandla ahlanzekile isiqiniseko senqubomgomo ezisidingayo ukuze zihlanze igridi yethu, zidale izigidi zemisebenzi ebalulekile futhi kwakhiwe umnotho wamandla ahlanzekile, kusho u-Abigail Ross Hopper, umongameli we-American Solar Energy Industries Association. .

U-Hopper ugcizelele ukuthi ukwanda okukhulu kwamandla elanga afakiwe kuyafezeka, kodwa “inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile yenqubomgomo iyadingeka.

Ubuchwepheshe Bamandla Elanga Osatshalalisiwe
Njengamanje, amaphaneli elanga avamile e-PV anesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-12 ngemitha yesikwele.Amamojula wefilimu emincane ye-amorphous silicon anesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-17 imitha yesikwele ngayinye

Izifundo eziyisibonelo zamasistimu we-solar PV e-United States
Amazwe ayi-10 aphezulu emhlabeni wokukhiqiza amandla elanga!

1.China 223800 (THH)

2. I-USA 108359 (THH)

3. Japan 75274 (THH)

4. Germany 47517 (THH)

5. I-India 46268 (THH)

6. Italy 24326 (TWH)

7. Australia 17951 (THH)

8. I-Spain 15042 (TWH)

9. United Kingdom 12677 (TWH)

10.Mexico 12439(THH)

Ngokusekelwa okuqinile kwezinqubomgomo zikazwelonke, imakethe ye-PV yaseChina ivele ngokushesha futhi yathuthukiswa yaba imakethe ye-solar PV enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga eShayina kwenza cishe u-60% womkhiqizo ophelele emhlabeni.

I-Case Study ye-Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation System e-United States
I-SolarCity yinkampani yamandla elanga yase-US egxile ekuthuthukisweni kwamaphrojekthi kagesi we-photovoltaic wasekhaya nakwezentengiso.Ingumhlinzeki oholayo wezinhlelo zamandla elanga e-United States, ehlinzeka ngezinsiza ezibanzi zelanga njengokuklanywa kwesistimu, ukufakwa, kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali nokwengamela ukwakhiwa, ukuhlinzeka amandla kumakhasimende ngamanani aphansi kunezinsiza zikagesi.Namuhla, inkampani iqashe abantu abangaphezu kuka-14,000.

Kusukela yasungulwa ngo-2006, i-SolarCity ikhule ngokushesha, njengoba ukufakwa kwe-solar kukhuphuka kakhulu kusuka ku-440 megawatts (MW) ngo-2009 kuya ku-6,200 MW ngo-2014, futhi yafakwa ohlwini lwe-NASDAQ ngoDisemba 2012.

Kusukela ngo-2016, iSolarCity inamakhasimende angaphezu kuka-330,000 ezifundazweni ezingu-27 e-United States yonkana.Ngaphezu kwebhizinisi layo lelanga, iSolarCity iphinde yabambisana neTesla Motors ukuhlinzeka ngomkhiqizo wokugcina amandla ekhaya, i-Powerwall, ezosetshenziswa namaphaneli elanga.

I-US Photovoltaic Power Plants
Okokuqala Solar America FirstSolar, Nasdaq:FSLR

Inkampani yase-US ye-solar photovoltaic
I-Trina Solar yinkampani ethembekile enendawo yokusebenza evumelanayo nezinzuzo ezinhle.(“I-Trina Solar”) ingumphakeli omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni wamamojula we-photovoltaic kanye nomhlinzeki oholayo wezixazululo eziphelele ze-solar photovoltaic, eyasungulwa ngo-1997 e-Changzhou, esifundazweni saseJiangsu, futhi esohlwini lwe-New York Stock Exchange ngo-2006. Ekupheleni kuka-2017, I-Trina Solar ikleliswe endaweni yokuqala emhlabeni mayelana nokuthunyelwa kwemojula ye-PV eyengeziwe.

I-Trina Solar isungule indlunkulu yayo yesifunda eYurophu, eMelika naseMpumalanga Ephakathi ye-Asia Pacific eZurich, eSwitzerland, eSan Jose, eCalifornia naseSingapore, kanye namahhovisi eTokyo, eMadrid, eMilan, eSydney, eBeijing naseShanghai.I-Trina Solar yethule amathalenta asezingeni eliphezulu avela emazweni angaphezu kuka-30 nezifunda, futhi inebhizinisi emazweni angaphezu kwe-100 nezifunda emhlabeni jikelele.

NgoSepthemba 1, 2019, i-Trina Solar yakleliswa kunombolo-291 ohlwini lwakwa-2019 China Top 500 Manufacturing Enterprises, kwathi ngoJuni 2020, yakhethwa njengelinye “Lama-2019 Top 100 Innovative Enterprises esifundazweni saseJiangsu”.

I-US PV Technology
Akuyona inkampani kahulumeni.

Ltd. inkampani ye-solar photovoltaic eyasungulwa uDkt. Qu Xiaowar ngoNovemba 2001 futhi yafakwa ngempumelelo ohlwini lwe-NASDAQ ngo-2006, inkampani yokuqala yaseShayina ehlanganisiwe ye-photovoltaic efakwe ohlwini lwe-NASDAQ (ikhodi ye-NASDAQ: CSIQ).

Ltd. igxile ku-R&D, ukukhiqizwa nokudayiswa kwama-silicon ingots, amawafa, amaseli elanga, amamojula elanga nemikhiqizo yelanga, kanye nokufakwa kwesistimu yezitshalo zamandla elanga, kanye nemikhiqizo yayo ye-photovoltaic isatshalaliswa emazweni nasezifundeni ezingaphezu kuka-30. emazwenikazi angu-5, okuhlanganisa iJalimane, iSpain, i-Italy, i-United States, iCanada, iKorea, iJapane neChina.

Le nkampani iphinde inikeze udonga lwamakhethini engilazi ye-photovoltaic kanye nezicelo zamandla elanga kumakhasimende emhlabeni jikelele, futhi igxile ekuxazululeni izixazululo zelanga ezimakethe ezikhethekile ezifana nemboni yasolwandle, izinsiza kanye nemboni yezimoto.

Photovoltaic Power Generation USA
Uyini umqondo wemboni yesevisi yesimanje?Lo mqondo uhlukile e-China futhi akushiwo phesheya.Ngokusho kwabanye ochwepheshe basekhaya, imboni yesevisi ebizwa ngokuthi yesimanje ihlobene nemboni yesevisi yendabuko, okuhlanganisa ezinye izinhlobo ezintsha zemboni yesevisi, njengobuchwepheshe bolwazi nezinsizakalo, ezezimali, izindlu, njll., futhi kufaka phakathi ukwamukelwa izindlela zesimanje, amathuluzi kanye namafomu ebhizinisi embonini yesevisi evamile.

Ngaphezu kwesigaba sendabuko nesimanje, kukhona futhi ukuhlukaniswa ngokwenjongo yesevisi, okungukuthi, imboni yezinsizakalo ihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: eyodwa imboni yesevisi esetshenziswayo, enye imboni yesevisi yokukhiqiza, kanti enye yizisebenzi zikahulumeni.Phakathi kwabo, isevisi yomphakathi iholwa nguhulumeni ukuhlinzeka, futhi imboni yenkonzo yokusetshenziswa isathuthukiswa kahle e-China, kodwa isigaba esiphakathi, okungukuthi, imboni yenkonzo yokukhiqiza, eyaziwa nangokuthi izinsizakalo ezikhiqizayo, igebe phakathi I-China kanye namazwe athuthukile emhlabeni jikelele makhulu kakhulu.

Imboni ye-Photovoltaic ivame ukuqondwa ukuthi ingeyemboni yesibili, kodwa, empeleni, i-photovoltaic iphinde ihlanganise imboni yesevisi, futhi, okuyingxenye yalokho izwe lethu elikubiza ngokuthi imboni yesevisi yesimanje, okuqukethwe okuyinhloko nakho okuyingxenye yomkhakha wezinsizakalo ezikhiqizayo. .Kulesi sihloko, ezinye ingxoxo ngalokhu.Lapha, ngizohlanganisa imboni ye-photovoltaic noma ehileleke embonini yesevisi, ebizwa ngokuthi imboni yesevisi ye-photovoltaic.

Isiteshi samandla elanga e-United States
Isiteshi samandla elanga esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, esitholakala e-United States California kanye nasemngceleni weNevada.Igama i-Ivampah Solar Power Station, ehlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angu-8.Ngokuvamile, amandla elanga abhekwa njengokuphela komthombo wamandla wemvelo ongashi.Isikhungo samandla elanga i-Ivampah sakha amaphaneli elanga angu-300,000, anesibopho sokuqoqa amandla okukhiqiza ugesi.

Abacwaningi bathole inqwaba yezinyoni ezishile nezishisiwe nezinye izilwane zasendle emingceleni yesikhungo esikhulu samandla elanga emhlabeni, i-Ivampah Solar Power Plant.Njengoba abantu bewubheka njengowukuphela komthombo wamandla emvelo ongashi kodwa ucekela phansi imvelo.