I. Ukwakhiwa kwesistimu yokuphakelwa kwamandla elanga
Uhlelo lwamandla elanga lwakhiwa iqembu lamaseli elanga, isilawuli selanga, ibhethri (iqembu). Uma amandla okukhiphayo eyi-AC 220V noma i-110V futhi ukuze agcwalise insiza, udinga futhi ukulungisa isishintshi esihlakaniphile nesisetshenziswayo.
1.Uhlu lwamaseli elanga angamaphaneli elanga
Lena ingxenye ephakathi kakhulu yesistimu yokukhiqiza amandla elanga ye-photovoltaic, indima yayo eyinhloko ukuguqula ama-photon elanga abe ngugesi, ukuze kuthuthukiswe umsebenzi womthwalo. Amaseli elanga ahlukaniswe abe monocrystalline silicon amaseli nawo, polycrystalline silicon amaseli elanga, amorphous silicon amaseli solar. Njengamaseli e-silicon e-monocrystalline kunezinye izinhlobo ezimbili eziqinile, impilo yesevisi ende (imvamisa efika eminyakeni engama-20), ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric, okuholela ekubeni ibe ibhethri elisetshenziswa kakhulu.
2.Isilawuli sokushaja solar
Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukulawula isimo salo lonke uhlelo, kuyilapho ibhethri lishajwa ngokweqile, likhipha uketshezi ukuze lidlale indima yokuvikela. Ezindaweni lapho izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, liphinde libe nomsebenzi wokunxeshezelwa kwezinga lokushisa.
3.Iphakethe lebhethri le-solar deep cycle
Ibhethri njengoba igama lisho isitoreji sikagesi, igcinwa ngokuyinhloko ukuguqulwa kwephaneli yelanga likagesi, ngokuvamile amabhethri e-lead-asidi, angagaywa kabusha izikhathi eziningi.
Kuwo wonke uhlelo lokuqapha. Ezinye izinto zokusebenza zidinga ukunikeza amandla angu-220V, 110V AC, futhi ukuphuma okuqondile kwamandla elanga ngokuvamile kuba ngu-12VDc, 24VDc, 48VDc. Ngakho-ke ukuze kuhlinzekwe amandla ku-22VAC, okokusebenza kwe-11OVAc, uhlelo kufanele lukhuliswe isiguquli se-DC/AC, uhlelo lokuphehla amandla elanga le-photovoltaic luzokhiqizwa emandleni e-DC lube namandla e-AC.
Okwesibili, isimiso sokukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga
Umgomo olula wokukhiqiza amandla elanga yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, okungukuthi, ukuguqulwa kwamandla elanga abe ngugesi. Le nqubo yokuguqulwa iyinqubo ye-solar radiation photon ngokusebenzisa impahla ye-semiconductor ibe amandla kagesi, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi "umphumela we-photovoltaic", amaseli elanga enziwa kusetshenziswa lo mphumela.
Njengoba sazi, lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kukhanya ku-semiconductor, amanye ama-photon abonakala ngaphandle, amanye athathwa yi-semiconductor noma adluliselwe yi-semiconductor, emuncwa ama-photon, yiqiniso, amanye ayashisa, kanti amanye ama-photon ~ ashayisana nama-electron e-atomic valence akha i-electron, i-electron ikhiqiza i-semiconductor. Ngale ndlela, amandla elanga ukukhiqiza ngazimbili electron-hole ngesimo siguqulelwe amandla kagesi, bese ngokusebenzisa semiconductor yangaphakathi kagesi ukusabela field, ukukhiqiza wamanje ethile, uma ucezu semiconductor ibhethri ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene exhunywe ukwakha voltage zamanje eziningi, ukuze okukhipha amandla.
Okwesithathu, ukuhlaziywa kwesistimu yomqoqi welanga ehlala eJalimane (izithombe eziningi)
Mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga, ngokuvamile kuvame ukufaka i-vacuum glass tube heater solar water ophahleni. Le heater ye-vacuum glass tube heater yamanzi ibonakala ngentengo ephansi yokuthengisa kanye nesakhiwo esilula. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusetshenziswa kwamanzi njengendlela yokudlulisa ukushisa kwezifudumezi zamanzi elanga, ngokukhula kokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi komsebenzisi, ku-vacuum glass tube ngaphakathi odongeni lokugcina amanzi, kuzoba ungqimba oluqinile lwesikali, ukukhiqizwa kwalolu ngqimba lwesikali, kuzonciphisa ukusebenza kahle okushisayo kwe-vacuum glass tube, ngakho-ke, leli bhubhu elivamile le-vacuum le-solar heater yamanzi, njalo ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, thatha izinyathelo zokususa i-tube emanzini, njalo ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, thatha izinyathelo zokukhipha i-tube. Kodwa le nqubo, iningi labasebenzisi basekhaya abajwayelekile empeleni abasazi lesi simo. Ngokuphathelene nenkinga yesilinganiso ku-vacuum glass tube heater yamanzi elanga, ngemva kwesikhathi eside sokusetshenziswa, abasebenzisi bangase babe nzima kakhulu ukwenza umsebenzi wokukhipha isikali, kodwa baqhubeke nokwenza ngokusetshenziswa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ebusika, lolu hlobo vacuum ingilazi tube heater solar amanzi, ngoba umsebenzisi wesaba amakhaza ebusika, kuphumele uhlelo okokuqandisa, imindeni eminingi, ngokuyisisekelo futhi kuyoba heater amanzi elanga endaweni yokugcina amanzi, ukuthulula out kusengaphambili, ebusika ayisekho sebenzisa solar amanzi heater. Futhi, uma isibhakabhaka singakhanyi kahle isikhathi eside, sizophinde sithinte ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwalesi sishisi se-vacuum glass tube solar water heater. Emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, lolu hlobo lwesifudumezi samanzi elanga namanzi njengoba indawo yokudlulisa ukushisa ayivamile. Amazwe amaningi aseYurophu ama-heaters amanzi elanga, ingaphakathi liwukusebenzisa ubuthi obuphansi be-propylene glycol antifreeze, njengendlela yokudlulisa ukushisa. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lokushisa kwamanzi elanga alusebenzisi amanzi, ebusika, uma nje kukhona ilanga esibhakabhakeni, lingasetshenziswa, akukho ukwesaba ebusika kwenkinga yeqhwa. Yiqiniso, ngokungafani nezifudumezi zamanzi zelanga ezifuywayo ezilula, lapho amanzi ohlelweni angasetshenziswa khona ngokuqondile ngemva kokushiswa, ama-heaters amanzi elanga emazweni aseYurophu adinga ukufakwa kwe-tank yokugcina ukushisa okushisa ngaphakathi kwegumbi lemishini yasendlini elihambisana nabaqoqi belanga besophahleni. Ethangini lokugcina ukushisa, uketshezi olubamba ukushisa lwe-propylene glycol lusetshenziselwa ukususa ukushisa kwemisebe yelanga emuncwe abaqoqi belanga ophahleni lophahla kuya emzimbeni wamanzi ethangini lokugcina nge-copper tube radiator esesimweni sediski elivunguzayo ukuze kuhlinzekwe abasebenzisi ngamanzi ashisayo asekhaya noma amanzi ashisayo okushisa okuphansi kwamanzi ashisayo asendlini, isistimu yokushisa ekhazimulayo yaphansi, ngokulandelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifudumezi zamanzi zelanga emazweni aseYurophu, ngokuvamile zixubene nezinye izinhlelo zokushisa, ezifana, izifudumezi zamanzi zegesi, ama-boilers kawoyela, amaphampu okushisa omthombo ophansi, njll., ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi ashisayo nsuku zonke kubasebenzisi basekhaya.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga okuhlala eJalimane okuzimele - isigaba sesithombe sokuqoqa amapuleti ayisicaba
Ukufakwa kwamaphaneli angu-2 wokuqoqa amandla elanga ayisicaba ophahleni lwangaphandle
Ukufakwa kophahla lwangaphandle lwamaphaneli angu-2 wokuqoqa ilanga ayisicaba (futhi ayabonakala, isignali ye-TV yesathelayithi emise okwemvemvane ethola uthi olufakwe ophahleni)
Ukufakwa kwamaphaneli angu-12 okuqoqa amapuleti elanga ayisicaba ophahleni lwangaphandle
Ukufakwa kwamaphaneli angu-2 wokuqoqa amandla elanga ayisicaba ophahleni lwangaphandle
Ukufakwa kophahla lwangaphandle lwamaphaneli angu-2 wokuqoqa ilanga ayisicaba (abuye abonakale, ngaphezu kophahla, anokukhanya kwesibhakabhaka)
Ukufakwa kophahla lwangaphandle lwamaphaneli amabili okuqoqwa elanga ayisicaba (futhi ayabonakala, isignali ye-TV yesathelayithi uvemvane ipharaboli ethola uthi olufakwe ophahleni; ngaphezu kophahla, kunokukhanya kwesibhakabhaka)
Ukufakwa ophahleni lwangaphandle lwamaphaneli ayisishiyagalolunye okuqongelela amapuleti elanga (futhi ayabonakala, isignali ye-TV yesathelayithi uvemvane ipharaboli ithola uthi olufakwe ophahleni; ngaphezu kophahla, kukhona ama-skylight ayisithupha)
Ukufakwa kophahla lwangaphandle kwamaphaneli ayisithupha ayisicaba ahlanganisa amapuleti elanga (okubonakalayo futhi, ngaphezu kophahla, ukufakwa kwamaphaneli esistimu yokuphehla amandla elanga angu-40 we-photovoltaic)
Ukufakwa ophahleni lwangaphandle lwamaphaneli amabili okuqoqwa elanga ayisicaba (okuyabonakala futhi, uphahla lufakwe isignali ye-TV yesathelayithi ye-parabolic butterfly ethola i-antenna; ngaphezu kophahla, kukhona ukukhanya kwesibhakabhaka; ngaphezu kophahla, ukufakwa kwamaphaneli angu-20 wesistimu yokuphehla amandla elanga elanga i-photovoltaic)
Uphahla lwangaphandle, ukufakwa kwe-flat plate uhlobo lwamaphaneli wokuqoqa ilanga, indawo yokwakha.
Uphahla lwangaphandle, ukufakwa kwe-flat plate uhlobo lwamaphaneli wokuqoqa ilanga, indawo yokwakha.
Uphahla lwangaphandle, ukufakwa kwe-flat plate uhlobo lwamaphaneli wokuqoqa ilanga, indawo yokwakha.
Uphahla lwangaphandle, inqola ye-solar yamapuleti ayisicaba, ukuvala kancane kancane.
Uphahla lwangaphandle, inqola ye-solar yamapuleti ayisicaba, ukuvala kancane kancane.